Method

Participants. Twenty-three participants (out of 27) completed the task successfully. Twelve were moderately experienced and eleven were less-experienced, with average instrumental instruction of 9.2 years (SD = 3.3) and 0.4 years (SD = 0.7) respectively.

Apparatus. Prime contexts were played with an acoustic piano timbre (XG002), and target tones were played with either the same piano timbre (Timbre A) or a harp timbre (XG047, Timbre B).

Procedure. The training phase consisted of 24 single tones and 8 example melodies. The experimental phase consisted of 48 melodies (i.e., 12 pairs of melodies with the target being played once by Timbre A and once by Timbre B).