Penultimate tones

In the 0-100 ms range, an effect of Tonal Relatedness was found, with a larger early positivity (P1) for related tonic than for less-related subdominant tones (F(1,13) = 6.83; p < .05). In addition, an effect of Position was found: The P1 was larger at anterior electrodes than at posterior electrodes (F(1,13) = 16.7; p < .01).

In the 210-270 ms range, an effect of Position was found, with a larger P2 at anterior than at posterior electrodes (F(1,13) = 33.0; p < .001). In addition, a 3-way interaction between Position, Laterality and Tonal Relatedness was found (F(1,13) = 5.95; p < .05): The effect of Tonal Relatedness was significant in the ROI Anterior-Right with a larger P2 for related tonic tones than for less-related subdominant tones (F(1,13) = 6.11; p < .05).

In the 300-420 ms range, a 3-way interaction between Position, Laterality and Tonal Relatedness was found (F(1,13) = 5.76; p < .05). Although no contrasts were significant, the difference between related tonic tones and less-related subdominants (more positive ERPs for tonic tones than for subdominant tones) tended to be larger in the right-anterior region than in the left-anterior region, and in the left-posterior region than in the right-posterior region.

In the 610-720 ms range, an effect of Tonal Relatedness was found, with a larger P600 for related tonic tones than for less-related subdominant tones (F(1,13) = 6.72; p < .05). In addition, an effect of Laterality was observed with a larger P600 for right than for left electrode locations (F(1,13) = 8.19; p < .05).

Figure 3. Grand-average ERPs forthe penultimate tones, presented as a function of tonal relatedness (Related: i, tonic; Less Related: iv, subdominant), recorded at Cz and at the 24 electrode locations of the 4 ROIs (Left-Anterior, Left-Posterior, Right-Anterior, Right-Posterior). Positivity is up.
Figure 3. Grand-average ERPs forthe penultimate tones, presented as a function of tonal relatedness (Related: i, tonic; Less Related: iv, subdominant), recorded at Cz and at the 24 electrode locations of the 4 ROIs (Left-Anterior, Left-Posterior, Right-Anterior, Right-Posterior). Positivity is up.
Figure 4. Grand-average ERPs for the final tones, presented as a function of tonal relatedness (Related: i, tonic; Less Related: iv, subdominant) and pitch deviation (In-tune; Out-of-tune: minus 13 cents), recorded at Cz and at the 24 electrode locations of the 4 ROIs (Left-Anterior, Left-Posterior, Right-Anterior, Right-Posterior). Positivity is up.
Figure 4. Grand-average ERPs for the final tones, presented as a function of tonal relatedness (Related: i, tonic; Less Related: iv, subdominant) and pitch deviation (In-tune; Out-of-tune: minus 13 cents), recorded at Cz and at the 24 electrode locations of the 4 ROIs (Left-Anterior, Left-Posterior, Right-Anterior, Right-Posterior). Positivity is up.