Références

1. Alberini, C. M. (2005). Mechanisms of memory stabilization: Are consolidation and reconsolidation similar or distinct processes? Trends in Neurosciences, 28(1), 51-56.
2. Alvarez, P., Squire, L. R. (1994). Memory consolidation and the medial temporal lobe: A simple network model. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 91, 7041-7045.
3. Anderson, J. R., Bothell, D., Byrne, M. D., Douglass, S., Lebiere, C., & Qin, Y . (2004). An integrated theory of the mind. Psychological Review , 111(4), 1036-1060.
4. Anderson, J. R. & Milson, R. (1989). Human memory: An adaptive perspective. Psychological Review, 96(4), 703-719.
5. Anderson, J. R., & Schooler, L. J. (1991). Reflections of the environment in memory. Psychological Science, 2(6), 396-408.
6. Anderson, R. B., Tweney, R. D., Rivardo, M., & Duncan, S. (1997). Need probability affects retention: A direct demonstration. Memory & Cognition, 25(6), 867-872.
7. Ausubel, D. P. (1966). Early versus delayed review in meaningful learning. Psychology in the Schools, 3(3), 195-198.
8. Bahrick, H. P. (1979). Maintenance of knowledge: Questions about memory we forgot to ask. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 108(3), 296-308.
9. Bahrick, H. P., Bahrick, L. E., Bahrick, A. S., & Bahrick, P. E. (1993). Maintenance of foreign language vocabulary and the spacing effect. Psychological Science, 4(5), 316-321.
10. Bahrick, H. P., & Hall, L. H. (2005). The importance of retrieval failures to long term retention : A metacognitive explanation of the spacing effect. Journal of Memory and Language, 52, 566-577.
11. Bahrick, H. P., & Phelps, E. (1987). Retention of Spanish vocabulary over eight years. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 13, 344-349.
12. Balota, D. A., Duchek, J. M., Sergent-Marshall, S. D., & Roediger, H. L. III. (2006). Does expanded retrieval produce benefits over equal-interval spacing ? Explorations of spacing effects in healthy aging and early stage Alzheimer’s disease. Psychology and Aging, 21(1), 19-31.
13. Bellezza, F. S., Winkler, H. B., & Andrasik, F. (1975). Encoding processes and the spacing effect. Memory and Cognition, 3(4), 451-457.
14. Bellezza, F. S., & Young, D. R. (1989). Chunking of repeated events in memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15(5), 990-997.
15. Benjamin, A. S. & Ross, B. H. (in press). The causes and consequences of reminding. In A. S. Benjamin (Ed.), Successful remembering and successful forgetting: A Festschrift in honor of Robert A. Bjork.New York, NY: Psychology Press.
16. Benjamin, A. S., & Tullis, J. (2010). What makes distributed practice effective ? Cognitive Psychology, 61(3), 228-247.
17. Bjork, R. A. (1988). Retrieval practice and the maintenance of knowledge. In M. M. Gruneberg, P. E. Morris, & R. N. Sykes (Eds.),Practical aspects of memory: Current research and issues (Vol. 1, pp. 396 - 401). New York: Wiley. Gardiner, J. M.,
18. Bloom, K. C., & Shuell, T. J. (1981). Effects of massed and distributed practice on the learning and retention of a second-language vocabulary. Journal of Educational Research, 74(4), 245-248.
19. Bonin, P., Méot, A., Aubert, L., Malardier, N., Niedenthal, P., & Capelle-Toczek, M.-C. (2003). Normes de concrétude, de valeur d’imagerie, de fréquence subjective et de valence émotionnelle pour 866 mots. L’année Psychologique, 104, 655-694.
20. Bower, G. H. (1972). Stimulus-sampling theory of encoding variability. In A. W. Melton & E. Martin (Eds.), Coding processes in human memory. Washington, D.C: Winston.
21. Braun, K., & Rubin, D. C. (1998). The spacing effect depends on an encoding deficit, retrieval, and time in working memory: Evidence from once-presented words. Memory, 6, 37-65.
22. Brewer, J. B., Zhao, Z., Desmond, J. E., Glover, G. H., Gabrieli, J.D.E. (1998). Making memories: brain activity that predicts how well visual experience will be remembered. Science, 281, 1185-1187.
23. Brown, M. W., & Xiang, J. Z. (1998). Recognition memory : Neuronal substrates of the judgement of prior occurrence. Progress in Neurobiology, 55, 149-189.
24. Brozinsky, C., Yonelinas, A., Kroll, N., & Ranganath, C. (2005). Lag-sensitive repetition suppression effects in the anterior parahippocampal gyrus. Hippocampus, 15, 557–561.
25. Bunch, M. E. (1941). The measurement of retention by the relearning method. Psychological Review, 48, 450-456.
26. Burtt, H. E., & Dobell, E. M. (1925). The curve of forgetting for advertising material. Journal of Applied Psychology, 9, 5-21.
27. Callan, D. E., & Schweighofer, N. (2010). Neural correlates of the spacing effect in explicit verbal semantic encoding support the deficient-processing theory. Human Brain Mapping 31, 645-659.
28. Carew, T. J. (1996). Molecular enhancement of memory formation. Neuron, 16, 5-8.
29. Carpenter, S. K., & DeLosh, E. L. (2005). Application of the testing and spacing effects to name learning. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 19, 619-636.
30. Cepeda, N. J., Coburn, N., Rohrer, D., Wixted, J. T., Mozer, M. C., & Pashler, H. (2009). Optimizing distributed practice: Theoretical analysis and practical implications. Experimental Psychology, 56(4), 236-246.
31. Cepeda, N. J., Pashler, H., Vul, E., Wixted, J. T., & Rohrer, D. (2006). Distributed practice in verbal recall tasks: A review and quantitative synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(3), 354–380.
32. Cepeda, N. J., Vul, E., Rohrer, D., Wixted, J. T., & Pashler, H. (2008). Spacing effects in learning: A temporal ridgeline of optimal retention. Psychological Science, 19(11), 1095-1102.
33. Challis, B. H. (1993). Spacing effects on cued-memory tests depend on level of processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology : Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 19(2), 389-396.
34. Cohen, J., McWhinney, B., Flatt, M., & Provost, J. (1993). Psyscope: An interactive graphic system for designing and controlling experiments in the psychology laboratory using Macintosh computers. Behavioral Research Methods, Instruments and Computers, 25, 257-271.
35. Crowder, R. G. (1976). Principles of learning and memory. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
36. Cuddy, L. J., & Jacoby, L. L. (1982). When forgetting helps memory: An analysis of repetition effects. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 21, 451-467.
37. Cull, W. L. (2000). Untangling the benefits of multiple study opportunities and repeated testing for cued recall. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14, 215-235.
38. Cull, W. L., Shaughnessy, J. J., & Zechmeister, E. B. (1996). Expanding understanding of the expanding-pattern-of-retrieval mnemonic : Toward confidence in applicability. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 2, 365-378.
39. De Bonis, M. (1968). La loi de Yerkes-Dobson : Problèmes méthodologiques liés à sa vérification. L’année Psychologique, 68(1), 121-141.
40. Dempster, F. N. (1987a). Effects of variable encoding and spaced presentations on vocabulary learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 79, 162–170.
41. Diekelmann, S., & Born, J. (2010). The memory function of sleep. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Vol. 11(2), 114-126.
42. Donovan, J. J., & Radosevich, D. J. (1999). A meta-analytic review of the distribution of practice effect. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 795-805.
43. Drosopoulos, S., Wagner, U., & Born, J. (2005). Sleep enhances explicit recollection in recognition memory. Learning & Memory, 12, 44-51.
44. Ebbinghaus, H. (1885). Memory: A Contribution to Experimental Psychology, (translated by H.A. Ruger and C.E. Bussenius, 1913). New York: Teachers College, Columbia University.
45. Ellenbogen, J. M., Hulbert, J. C., Jiang, Y., & Stickgold, R. (2009). The sleeping brain’s influence on verbal memory: Boosting resistance to interference. PLoS One, 4(1).
46. Ellenbogen, J. M., Hulbert, J. C., Stickgold, R., Dinges, D. F., Thompson-Schill, S. L. (2006). Interfering with theories of sleep and memory: sleep, declarative memory, and associative interference. Current Biology, 16, 1290-1294.
47. Estes, W. K. (1955). Statistical theory of distributional phenomena in learning. Psychological Review, 62(5), 369-377.
48. Fernandez, A., & Glenberg, A. M. (1985). Changing environmental context does not reliably affect memory. Memory and Cognition, 13(4), 333-345.
49. Forcato, C., Argibay, P. F., Pedreira, M. E., & Maldonado, H. (2009). Human reconsolidation does not always occur when a memory is retrieved: The relevance of the reminder structure. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 91, 50-57.
50. Forcato, C., Burgos, V. L., Argibay, P. F., Molina, V. A., Pedreira, M. E., & Maldonado, H. (2007). Reconsolidation of declarative memory in humans. Learning and Memory, 14, 295-303.
51. Forcato, C., Rodríguez, M. L. C., Pedreira, M. E., & Maldonado, H. (2010). Reconsolidation in humans opens up declarative memory to the entrance of new information. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 93, 77-84.
52. Frankland, P. W., & Bontempi, B. (2005). The organization of recent and remote memories. Nature Review Neuroscience, 6, 119-130.
53. Gais, S., Lucas, B., Born J. (2006). Sleep after learning aids memory recall. Learning and Memory, 13, 259-262.
54. Gardiner, J. M., & Richardson-Klavehn, A. (2000). Remembering and knowing. In E. E. Tulving, E. Fergus, & I. M. Craik (Eds.),The Oxford handbook of memory (pp. 229–244). New York: Oxford University Press.
55. Gay, L. R. (1973). Temporal position of reviews and its effect on the retention of mathematical rules. Journal of Educational Psychology, 64(2), 171-182.
56. Genoux, D., Haditsch, U., Knobloch, M., Michalon, A., Storm, D.,& Mansuy, I. M. (2002). Protein phosphatase 1 is a molecular constraint on learning and memory. Nature, 418, 970-975.
57. Glenberg, A. M. (1976). Monotonic and nonmonotonic lag effects in paired-associate and recognition memory paradigms. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 15, 1–16.
58. Glenberg, A. M. (1979). Component-levels theory of the effects of spacing of repetitions on recall and recognition. Memory and Cognition, 7(2), 95-112.
59. Glenberg, A. M., & Lehman, T. S. (1980). Spacing repetitions over one week. Memory and Cognition, 8(6), 528-538.
60. Glenberg, A. M., & Smith, S. M. (1981). Spacing repetitions and solving problems are not the same. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 20, 110-119.
61. Godden, D. R., & Baddeley, A. D. (1975). Context-dependent memory in two natural environments: On land and underwater. British Journal of Psychology, 66(3), 325-331.
62. Greene, R. L. (1989). Spacing effects in memory: Evidence for a two-process account. Journal of Experimental Psychology : Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15(3), 371-377.
63. Greene, R. L., & Stillwell, A. M. (1995). Effects of encoding variability and spacing on frequency discrimination.Journal of Memory and Language, 34, 468–476.
64. Hardt, O., Orn Einarsson, E., & Nader, K. (2010). A bridge over troubled water: Reconsolidation as a link between cognitive and neuroscientific memory research traditions. Annual Review of Psychology, 61, 141-167.
65. Henson, R. N. A. (2003). Neuroimaging studies of priming. Progress in Neurobiology, 70, 53-81.
66. Henson, R. N., Rylands, A., Ross, E., Vuilleumier, P., & Rugg, M. D. (2004). The effect of repetition lag on electrophysiological and haemodynamic correlates of visual object priming. NeuroImage, 21, 1674-1689.
67. Henson, R., Shallice, T., & Dolan, R. (2000). Neuroimaging evidence for dissociable forms of repetition priming. Science, 287, 1269-1272.
68. Hintzman, D. L. (1974). Theoretical implications of the spacing effect. In R. L. Solso (Ed.), Theories in Cognitive Psychology: The Loyola Symposium (pp. 77-99). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
69. Hintzman, D. L. (1988). Judgments of frequency and recognition memory in a multiple-trace memory model. Psychological Review, 95(4), 528-551.
70. Hintzman, D. L. (2010). How does repetition affect memory? Evidence from judgments of recency. Memory & Cognition, 38(1), 102-115.
71. Hintzman, D. L., & Block, R. A. (1971). Repetition and memory: Evidence for a multiple-trace hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 88(3).
72. Hintzman, D. L., & Block, R. A. (1973). Memory for the spacing of repetitions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 99(1), 70-74.
73. Hintzman, D. L., Block, R. A., & Summers, J. J. (1973). Modality tags and memory for repetitions: Locus of the spacing effect. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 12(3), 229-238.
74. Hintzman, D. L., Summers, J. J., & Block, R. A. (1975). Spacing judgment as an index of study-phase retrieval. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 104(1), 31-40.
75. Hintzman, D. L., Summers, J. J., Eki, N. T., & Moore, M. D. (1975). Voluntary attention and the spacing effect. Memory & Cognition, 3, 576–580.
76. Howard, M. W., & Kahana, M. J. (2002). A distributed representation of temporal context. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 46, 269–299.
77. Howell, D. C. (2006). Méthodes statistiques en sciences humaines. Editions De Boeck Université.
78. Howard, M. W., & Kahana, M. J. (1999). Contextual variability and serial position effects in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25(4), 923-941.
79. Hupbach, A., Hardt, O., Gomez, R., & Nadel, L. (2008). The dynamics of memory context-dependent updating. Learning & Memory, 15, 574-579.
80. Hupbach, A., Gomez, R., Hardt, O., & Nadel, L. (2007). Reconsolidation of episodic memories: A subtle reminder triggers integration of new information. Learning and Memory, 14, 47-53.
81. Hupbach, A., Gomez, R., & Nadel, L. (2009). Episodic memory reconsolidation: Updating or source confusion? Memory, 17(2), 502-510.
82. Isarida, T., & Isarida, T. K. (2010). Effects of simple- and complex-place contexts in the multiple-context paradigm. The Quarterly Journal Of Experimental Psychology, 63(12), 2399 -2412.
83. Jacoby, L. L. (1978). On interpreting the effects of repetition: Solving a problem versus remembering a solution. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 17(6), 649-667.
84. Jacoby, L. L., & Dallas, M. (1981). On the relationship between autobiographical memory and perceptual learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, Vol 110(3), 306-340.
85. Janiszewski, C., Noel, H., & Sawyer, A. G. (2003). A meta-analysis of the spacing effect in verbal learning: Implications for research on advertising repetition and consumer memory.Journal of Consumer Research, 30, 138–149.
86. Ji, D., & Wilson, M. A. (2007). Coordinated memory replay in the visual cortex and hippocampus during sleep. Nature Neuroscience 10, 100-107.
87. Johnston, W. A., Uhl, C. N. (1976). The contributions of encoding effort and variability to the spacing effect on free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 2(2), 153-160.
88. Karpicke, J. D., & Roediger, H. L. III. (2007). Expanding retrieval practice promotes short-term retention, but equally spaced retrieval enhances long-term retention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 33(4), 704-719.
89. Kornell, N., & Bjork, R. A. (2008). Learning concepts and categories: Is spacing the ‘‘enemy of induction’’? Psychological Science, 19(6), 585-592.
90. Landauer, T. K., & Bjork, R. A. (1978). Optimum rehearsal patterns and name learning. In M. M. Gruneberg, P.E. Morris and R. N. Sykes (Eds), Practical aspects of memory (pp. 625-632). London: Academic Press.
91. Landauer, T. K. & Ross, B. H. (1977). Can simple instructions to use spaced practice improve ability to remember a fact? An experimental test using telephone numbers. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 10, 215-218.
92. Lattal, K. M., & Abel, T. (2004). Behavioral impairments caused by injections of the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin after contextual retrieval reverse with time. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101(13), 4667- 4672.
93. Lindsey, R., Mozer, M. C., Cepeda, N. J., & Pashler, H. (2009). Optimizing memory retention with cognitive models. In A. Howes, D. Peebles, & R. Cooper (Eds.), Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (ICCM). Manchester, UK.
94. Litman, L., & Davachi, L. (2008). Distributed learning enhances relational memory consolidation. Learning & Memory, 15(9), 711-716.
95. Logan, J. M., & Balota, D. A. (2008). Expanded vs. equal interval spaced retrieval practice: exploring different schedules of spacing and retention interval in younger and older adults. Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition, 15 (3), 257-280.
96. Lyon, D. O. (1914). The relation of length of material to time taken for learning and the optimum distribution of time. Part III. Journal of Educational Psychology, 5(3), 155-163.
97. Mammarella, N., Avons, S., & Russo, R. (2004). A short-term perceptual priming account of spacing effects in explicit cued-memory tasks for unfamiliar stimuli. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 16, 387-402.
98. Mammarella, N., Russo, R., & Avons, S. (2002). Spacing effects in cued-memory tasks for unfamiliar faces and nonwords. Memory & Cognition, 30, 1238-1251.
99. Maquet, P., Laureys, S., Peigneux, P., Fuchs, S., Petiau, C., Phillips, C., Aerts, J., Del Fiore, G., Degueldre, C, Meulemans, T., Luxen, A., Franck, G., Van Der Linden, M.,Smith, C., & Cleeremans, A. (2000). Experience-dependent changes in cerebral activation during human REM sleep. Nature Neuroscience, 3(8), 831-836.
100. Martin, E. (1967). Relation between stimulus recognition and paired-associate learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 74(4), 500-505.
101. Martin, E. (1968). Stimulus meaningfulness and paired-associate transfer: An encoding variability hypothesis. Psychological Review, 75(5), 421-441.
102. Maskarinec, A. S., & Thompson, C. P. (1976). The within-list distributed practice effect: Tests of varied context and varied encoding hypotheses. Memory & Cognition, 4, 741-747.
103. Maviel, T., Durkin, T. P., Menzaghi, F., & Bontempi, B. (2004). Sites of neocortical reorganization critical for remote spatial memory. Science, 305, 96–99.
104. McClelland, J. L., McNaughton, B. L., & O'Reilly, R. C. (1995). Why there are complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex: Insights from the successes and failures of connectionist models of learning and memory. Psychological Review, 102(3), 419-457.
105. Melton, A. W. (1967). Repetition and retrieval from memory. Science, 158(3800), 532.
106. Melton, A. W. (1970). The situation with respect to the spacing of repetitions and memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 9(5), 596-606.
107. Morris, C. D., Bransford, J. D., Franks, J. J. (1977). Levels of processing versus transfer appropriate processing. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 16(5), 519-533.
108. Mozer, M. C., Pashler, H., Cepeda, N., Lindsey, R., & Vul, E. (2009). Predicting the optimal spacing of study: A multiscale context model of memory. In Y. Bengio, D. Schuurmans, J. Lafferty, C.K.I. Williams and A. Culotta (Eds), Advances in neural information processing systems (Vol. 22, pp. 1321–1329). NIPS Foundation, La Jolla, CA.
109. Nader, K., Schafe, G. E., & LeDoux, J. E. (2000). Fear memories require protein synthesis in the amygdala for reconsolidation after retrieval. Nature, 406, 722-726.
110. Pagani, M. R., Oishi, K., Gelb, B. D., & Zhong, Y. (2009). The phosphatase SHP2 regulates the spacing effect for Long-Term Memory induction. Cell, 139, 186–198.
111. Pashler, H., Zarow, G., & Triplett, B. (2003). Is temporal spacing of tests helpful even when it inflates error rates?Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 29,1051–1057.
112. Pavlik, P. I., & Anderson, J. R. (2005). Practice and forgetting effects on vocabulary memory: An activation-based model of the spacing effect. Cognitive Science: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 29(4), 559-586.
113. Peigneux, P., Laureys, S., Fuchs, S., Collette, F., Perrin, F., Reggers, J., Phillips, C., Degueldre, C., Del Fiore, G., Aerts, J., Luxen, A., & Maquet, P. (2004). Are spatial memories strengthened in the human hippocampus during slow wave sleep? Neuron, 44, 535–545.
114. Peterson, H. A., Ellis, M., Toohill, N., & Kloess, P. (1935). Some measurement of the effects of reviews. Journal of Educational Psychology, 26, 65-72.
115. Postman, L., & Knecht, K. (1983). Encoding variability and retention. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 22, 133-152.
116. Raaijmakers, J. G. W. (2003). Spacing and repetition effects in human memory: Application of the SAM model. Cognitive Science, 27, 431-452.
117. Reynolds, J. H., Glaser, R. (1964). Effects of repetition and spaced review upon retention of a complex learning task. Journal of Educational Psychology, 55(5), 297-308.
118. Robinson, E. S. (1921). The relative efficiencies of distributed and concentrated study in memorizing.Journal of Experimental Psychology, 4, 327–343.
119. Roediger, H. L. III, & Karpicke, J. D. (2006). The power of testing memory: Basic research and implications for educational practice. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(3), 181-210.
120. Rohrer, D., Taylor, K. (2006). The effects of overlearning and distributed practise on the retention of mathematics knowledge. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 20, 1209-1224–374.
121. Ross, B. H., & Landauer, T. K. (1978). Memory for at least one of two items: Test and failure of several theories of spacing effects. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 17, 669-676.
122. Russo, R., Mammarella, N., & Avons, S. (2002). Toward a unified account of spacing effects in explicit cued-memory tasks. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28, 819-829.
123. Russo, R., Parkin, A. J., Taylor, S. R., & Wilks, J. (1998). Revising current two-process accounts of spacing effects in memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 24(1), 161-172.
124. Sara S. J. (2000). Retrieval and Reconsolidation: Toward a Neurobiology of Remembering. Learning and Memory, 7, 73-84.
125. Scharf, M. T., Woo, N. H., Lattal, K. M., Young, J. Z., Nguyen, P. V., & Abel, T. (2002). Protein synthesis is required for the enhancement of long-term potentiation and long-term memory by spaced training. Journal of Neurophysiology, 87, 2770-2777.
126. Seabrook, R., Brown, G. D. A., & Solity, J. E. (2005). Distributed and massed practise: From laboratory to classroom.Applied Cognitive Psychology, 19, 107–122.
127. Shaughnessy, J. J. (1976). Persistence of the spacing effect in free recall under varying incidental learning conditions. Memory & Cognition, 4(4), 369-377.
128. Sisti, H. M., Glass, A. L., & Shors, T. J. (2007). Neurogenesis and the spacing effect: Learning over time enhances memory and the survival of new neurons. Learning and Memory,14, 368-375.
129. Smith, S. M. (1979). Remembering in and out of context. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 5(5), 460-471.
130. Smith, S. M. (1995). Mood Is a Component of Mental Context: Comment on Eich (1995). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 124(3), 309-310.
131. Smith, S. M., Glenberg, A., & Bjork, R. A. (1978). Environmental context and human memory. Memory & Cognition, 6(4), 342-353.
132. Sones, A. M., & Stroud, J. B. (1940). Review, with special reference to temporal position. Journal of Educational Psychology, 31, 665-676.
133. Smith, S. M., & Vela, E. (2001). Environmental context-dependent memory: A review and meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8(2), 203-220.
134. Squire, L. R. & Kandel, E. R. (2002). La mémoire : De l’esprit aux molécules. DeBoeck Université.
135. Staddon, J. E. R., Chelaru, I. M., & Higa, J. J. (2002). Habituation, memory and the brain: The dynamics of interval timing. Behavioural Processes, 57, 71-88.
136. Starch, D. (1912). Periods of work in learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 3(4), 209-213.
137. Stark, S. M., Gordon, B., & Stark, C. E. L. (2008). Does the presence of priming hinder subsequent recognition or recall performance? Memory, 16(2), 157-173.
138. Strong, E. K. (1916). The factors affecting a permanent impression developed through repetition. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1, 319-338.
139. Takashima, A., Nieuwenhuis, I. L. C., Rijpkema, M., Petersson, K. M., Jensen, O. & Fernández, G. (2007). Memory trace stabilization leads to large-scale changes in the retrieval network: A functional MRI study on associative memory. Learning & Memory, 14, 472-479.
140. Thios, S. J., D’Agostino, P. R. (1976). Effects of repetition as a function of study-phase retrieval. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 15(5), 529-536.
141. Tononi, G., & Cirelli C. (2006). Sleep function and synaptic homeostasis. Sleep Medicine Review, 10(1), 49-62.
142. Toppino, T. C. (1991). The spacing effect in young children’s free recall: Support for automatic-process explanations. Memory & Cognition, 19(2), 159-167.
143. Toppino, T. C., & Bloom, L. C. (2002). The spacing effect, free recall, and two-process theory: A closer look. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28, 437–444.
144. Toppino, T. C., Fearnow-Kenney, M. D., Kiepert, M. H., & Teremula, A. C. (2009). The spacing effect in intentional and incidental free recall by children and adults: Limits on the automaticity hypothesis. Memory & Cognition, 37(3), 316-325.
145. Tsai, L.-S. (1927). The relation of retention to the distribution of relearning.Journal of Experimental Psychology, 10,30-39.
146. Tulving, E., Hayman, C. A., & Macdonald, C. (1991). A Long-lasting perceptual priming and semantic learning in amnesia: A case experiment. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 17(4), 595-617.
147. Tulving, E., & Thomson, D. M. (1973). Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory.Psychological Review, 80(5), 352-373.
148. Tzeng, O. J. L., & Cotton, B. (1980). A study-phase retrieval model of temporal coding. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 6, 705-718.
149. Verkoeijen, P. P. J. L., Rikers, R. M. J. P., & Schmidt, H. G. (2004). Detrimental influence of contextual change on spacing effects in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 30(4), 796-800.
150. Verkoeijen, P. P. J. L., Rikers, R. M. J. P., & Schmidt, H. G. (2005). Limitations to the spacing effect: Demonstration of an inverted u-shaped relationship between interrepetition spacing and free recall. Experimental Psychology, 52(4), 257-263.
151. Wagner, A., Dale, A. M., Rosen, B. R., & Buckner, R. L. (1998). Building memories: Remembering and forgetting of verbal experiences as predicted by brain activity. Science, 281, 1188-1191.
152. Wagner, A. D., Maril, A., & Schacter, D. L. (2000). Interactions between forms of memory: When priming hinders new episodic learning. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 12:Supplement 2, 52-60.
153. Weigold, A. (2008). The Relationship Between Restudying and Testing in the Short and Long Term. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Texas Tech University.
154. Wheeler, M. A., Ewers, M., Buonanno, J. F. (2003). Different rates of forgetting following study versus test trials. Memory, 11(6), 571-580
155. Whittlesea, B. W. A., Jacoby, L. L., & Girard, K. (1990). Illusions of immediate memory: Evidence of an attributional basis for feelings of familiarity and perceptual quality. Journal of Memory and Language, 29, 716-732.
156. Whittlesea, B. W. A., & Leboe, J. P. (2003). Two fluency heuristics (and how to tell them apart). Journal of Memory and Language, 49, 62-79.
157. Wickelgren, W. A. (1973). Trace resistance and the decay of long-term memory. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 10, 418-455.
158. Winograd, E., & Soloway, R. M. (1985). Remindings as a basis for temporal judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 11, 262-271.
159. Wixted, J. T. (2004). The psychology and neuroscience of forgetting. Annual Review Psychology, 55, 235-269.
160. Wixted, J. T., & Carpenter, S. K. (2007). The Wickelgren power law and the Ebbinghaus savings function. Psychological Science, 18(2), 133-134.
161. Wixted, J. T., & Ebbesen, E. B. (1991). On the form of forgetting. Psychological Science, 2(6), 409-415.
162. Wu, G. Y., Deisseroth, K., & Tsien, R. W. (2001). Spaced stimuli stabilize MAPK pathway activation and its effects on dendritic morphology. Nature Neuroscience, 4(2), 151-157.
163. Xue, G., Mei, L., Chen, C., Lu, Z.-L., Poldrack, R. A., & Dong, Q. (2010a). Facilitating memory for novel characters by reducing neural repetition suppression in the left fusiform cortex. PloS ONE, 5(10), e13204.
164. Xue, G., Mei, L., Chen, C., Lu, Z.-L., Poldrack, R. A., & Dong, Q. (2010b). Spaced learning enhances subsequent recognition memory by reducing neural repetition suppression. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23(7), 1624-1633.
165. Yonelinas, A. P. (2002). The nature of recollection and familiarity: A review of 30 years of research. Journal of Memory & Language, 46, 441-517.
166. Young, D. R., & Bellezza, F. S. (1982). Encoding variability memory organization, and the repetition effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 8, 545-559.